Filter Maintenance 101 for Any Pool or Spa

Filter Maintenance 101 for Any Pool or Spa

Whether you're a proud owner of a sleek swim spa, a backyard hot tub, or a full-sized in-ground pool, one thing is certain — your filter is doing the heavy lifting behind the scenes. It quietly captures dirt, oils, debris, and bacteria so you can relax in crystal-clear water.

Yet despite its vital role, the filter is often overlooked until problems arise. Cloudy water? Sluggish jets? Rising chemical usage? Your filter could be the culprit.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll break down the basics of pool and spa filter maintenance, explain the different types of filters, and give you pro tips to extend the life of your system. Whether you’re new to pool ownership or a seasoned backyard spa veteran, these insights will help you keep your water pristine all season long.

1. Understanding Your Filter’s Role

Before we dive into maintenance steps, it’s important to understand what your filter does — and why it matters.

Your filter is part of the pool or spa’s circulation system. As water is pumped through the filter, particles like dirt, hair, sunscreen residue, and algae spores are trapped, leaving clean water to be returned to your tub or pool.

A properly functioning filter:

• Maintains water clarity
  

• Helps distribute heat and chemicals evenly
  

• Reduces the workload on your sanitizer (chlorine or bromine)
  

• Prevents algae and bacterial growth
  
  

When your filter isn’t working effectively, you’ll notice signs like hazy water, strong chemical smells, and increased debris. That’s your signal to step in with routine maintenance — or to consider a replacement.

A well-maintained filter system doesn't just improve your water's look and feel. It also saves money in the long run by reducing wear and tear on your heater, pump, and plumbing. Over time, even a slightly dirty filter can increase strain on your system, leading to higher utility bills and shortened equipment life.

2. Types of Filters and How They Work

There are three main types of pool and spa filters, each with unique maintenance needs:

A. Cartridge Filters

• How it works: Water flows through a pleated polyester cartridge that traps debris.
  

• Maintenance: Remove and rinse every 2–4 weeks; deep clean monthly; replace every 1–2 seasons.
  

• Pros: Easy to clean, no backwashing needed, energy-efficient.
  

• Common in: Swim spas, hot tubs, and smaller pools.
  
  

B. Sand Filters

• How it works: Water is pushed through a bed of sand, which traps particles.
  

• Maintenance: Backwash every 1–2 weeks; replace sand every 5–7 years.
  

• Pros: Durable, good for larger pools.
  

• Common in: In-ground and above-ground pools.
  
  

C. Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Filters

• How it works: A fine powder coats grids inside the filter and traps very small particles.
  

• Maintenance: Backwash as needed; recharge with DE powder; deep clean yearly.
  

• Pros: Filters the smallest particles; provides exceptional clarity.
  

• Common in: High-end in-ground pools and spas.
  
  

Not sure which type you have? Krevco’s experts can help you identify your system and walk you through the correct maintenance plan for optimal performance.

Each type of filter also comes with trade-offs. DE filters offer unmatched clarity but require more frequent maintenance and handling of fine powder. Sand filters are more robust but can be less precise. Cartridge filters provide ease of use and good efficiency but may need more frequent replacements. The right choice depends on your pool or spa size, usage frequency, and personal maintenance preferences.

3. How to Clean Your Filter (Step-by-Step)

Routine cleaning ensures your filter keeps working at peak performance. Here’s how to care for each type:

For Cartridge Filters:

1. Turn off the pump and release air pressure.
   

2. Remove the cartridge.
   

3. Rinse with a garden hose at a 45-degree angle to remove debris.
   

4. Soak in a filter cleaning solution for 1–2 hours if heavily soiled.
   

5. Rinse thoroughly and let it dry completely before reinstalling.
   

6. Replace if you notice frayed fabric or poor water flow.
   
   

For Sand Filters:

1. Turn off the pump.
   

2. Set the valve to "Backwash" and run the pump for 2–3 minutes.
   

3. Switch to "Rinse" for 1 minute.
   

4. Return to "Filter" mode.
   

5. Monitor pressure — if it stays high after backwashing, you may need to replace the sand.
   
   

For DE Filters:

1. Turn off the pump and release pressure.
   

2. Backwash according to manufacturer instructions.
   

3. Add fresh DE powder via the skimmer.
   

4. Do a deep clean once per season.
   
   

Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for safety and performance, or ask a professional for help if you’re unsure.

Bonus Tip: For cartridge filters, rotate between two sets. While one is being cleaned and drying, the second is in use. This not only extends the life of your filters but also ensures you never have unexpected downtime.

4. How Often Should You Clean or Replace Your Filter?

Cleaning frequency depends on how often you use your pool or spa, bather load, surrounding environment, and water conditions. A general rule of thumb:

• Cartridge filters: Rinse every 2–4 weeks, deep clean monthly, replace every 1–2 years.
  

• Sand filters: Backwash every 1–2 weeks, replace sand every 5–7 years.
  

• DE filters: Backwash every 1–2 months, clean and recharge with DE powder, perform deep cleaning annually.
  
  

You should also monitor your filter pressure gauge. If pressure increases by 8–10 PSI over the clean baseline, it’s time to clean or backwash.

Tip: Keep a filter maintenance log to track cleaning and replacement dates. This simple step can help extend the life of your system and prevent expensive problems.

Outdoor conditions also matter. Pools or spas surrounded by trees, frequent bathers, or located in windy areas may require more frequent attention. Don't be afraid to clean more often if conditions warrant — it’s far cheaper than fixing equipment damaged by poor circulation.

5. Troubleshooting Common Filter Issues

If you’re experiencing water quality issues, here are a few signs your filter might be the cause:

• Cloudy water: Often caused by a dirty or clogged filter.
  

• Decreased flow rate: Indicates obstruction or buildup.
  

• High pressure: Time to clean or backwash.
  

• Frequent algae blooms: Filter may be underperforming.
  

• Increased chemical use: Dirty filters force chemicals to work harder.
  
  

If cleaning doesn’t resolve these issues, it might be time to replace your filter or upgrade to a more efficient model.

Krevco carries high-quality replacement filters and can recommend options that fit your system and budget.

Some problems might also stem from improper sizing or compatibility. If your spa or pool filter was installed years ago or doesn’t match current equipment, upgrading to a modern, properly matched filter can improve performance and reduce long-term operating costs.

6. When Should You Replace Your Filter?

Eventually, all filters reach the end of their lifespan. Here’s when to consider replacing:

• Cartridges: Every 12–24 months, or sooner if there’s visible damage.
  

• Sand: Every 5–7 years, or sooner if water stays cloudy after backwashing.
  

• DE grids: Every 5 years, or if grids are cracked or leaking powder.
  
  

Replacing your filter before it fails prevents downtime and protects your pump, heater, and plumbing from unnecessary strain.

Pro Tip: Summer is the best time to evaluate your system. If you’ve been putting off filter replacement, get ahead of peak usage. Krevco has expert technicians who can handle the swap with minimal disruption.

Also consider filter upgrades when replacing older models. Newer filters often feature improved energy efficiency, better materials, and advanced flow designs that keep your water cleaner with less effort. Krevco can walk you through the latest models tailored to your setup.

7. Filter Maintenance for Seasonal Use

If you winterize your pool or spa, it’s critical to include the filter in your closing and opening checklists.

When closing:

• Remove, clean, and dry the filter.
  

• Store cartridges indoors over winter.
  

• Backwash sand/DE filters and drain excess water.
  
  

When opening:

• Inspect all components for wear and damage.
  

• Replace old cartridges or sand if needed.
  

• Start the season with a deep clean to ensure optimal flow.
  
  

Doing this ensures your system starts fresh and prevents buildup of biofilm, algae, and gunk while it’s not in use.

Many people forget that filters are not just seasonal tools — they are year-round protectors of water quality. If your pool is heated or your spa is used during cooler months, don’t skip maintenance just because it’s off-peak. Cold weather use puts extra strain on filter systems and requires consistent care.

8. How Filter Maintenance Impacts Overall Pool and Spa Longevity

It’s easy to think of filter care as just one part of pool or spa maintenance — but its impact reaches far beyond water clarity. Regular filter maintenance plays a direct role in protecting your entire investment, from the pump and heater to the structure of the pool or spa itself.

When filters become clogged or ineffective, your system is forced to work harder. This strain can lead to premature failure of the pump motor, excessive heating bills due to poor water circulation, and even long-term wear on pool surfaces due to unbalanced chemical distribution. Debris that bypasses a dirty filter can scratch the interior finish, cloud the water, or promote bacteria buildup.

By keeping your filter clean and replacing it at the right intervals, you reduce the risk of costly repairs and maintain the performance of your entire aquatic system. Think of your filter like the lungs of your pool — if it’s not breathing properly, everything else suffers.

Additionally, well-maintained filters help maintain a healthier swimming or soaking environment. They prevent contaminants from building up, reduce the need for harsh chemical shocks, and provide a cleaner, more comfortable experience for you and your guests.

9. Let Krevco Help You Filter With Confidence

Still feeling unsure about the condition of your filter or which type is right for your setup? Krevco’s knowledgeable team is here to help. Whether you need a replacement cartridge, advice on converting to a more efficient system, or professional installation, we offer a full range of services to keep your pool or spa crystal clear.

We stock industry-leading filter brands and provide guidance based on your system type, water usage, seasonal habits, and long-term goals. Plus, our in-house service technicians can perform seasonal cleanings, pressure tests, and filter swaps so you can focus on enjoying your space, not maintaining it.

Get more out of every soak, swim, or splash this year. Visit Krevco today for expert support, quality filter systems, and unmatched service.

Final Thoughts: Filter Like a Pro with Krevco

Filter maintenance might not be glamorous, but it’s essential to keep your water safe, clear, and inviting. Whether you're hosting summer parties, enjoying quiet morning soaks, or training in your swim spa — a clean, efficient filter ensures the experience is as good as it gets.

Don’t wait until something goes wrong. Establish a simple maintenance routine, replace parts as needed, and trust your local experts to help when in doubt.

Need filters, cleaners, or pro-level guidance? Visit Krevco or schedule a service call today. We'll help you keep your pool or spa running like a dream — all season long.